Hoisting mechanism



Dec. 31, 1929. L. A. 'MAXSON 1,742,088

' HOI STING MECHANISM Filed Deb. so, 1921 ZSheets-Sheet 1 Dec. 31, 1929. L. A. MAXSON} 1,742,033

HOISTING MECHANISM Filed D80. 1921 2 sheets-$11831. 2

Him. nllill j stair STATES Prnr Fri LOUIS A. vManson, or ciisasivronr. NEW HAI'vIPSI-IIRE, assrenonre sULLivsN MA- orrnvnnv COMPANY, a cojsronn'rroiv or MASSACHUSETTS Application filed December 30, 1921. Serial No.

My invention relates to hoisting or hauling mechanisms. t

An object of my invention is to provide and improved hoisting or hauling mechanisin. Another object ofmyinvention is to provide an improved portable hoisting mechanism of relatively great power, but 01 small compass. A further object of my invention is to provide an improved hoisting mechanism in Which an expansible chamber motor of thereciprocable piston type may beeniploycd and in- Which maximumpiston area inay be attained. Other objects and advantages of my invention Will hereinafter more. .i'ully appear.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown for purposes of illustrationtwo terms which my invention may assume in practice.

In these drawings, I Fig. 1 isa View in longitudinal sectionon line 1-1 of '2. .Fig. 2 isa transversesection on line 2-2 o'fFig. 1. i

Figs. 3 and larc detail transverse sections 011 lines Midas- 1;, respectively, of Fig. .L. Fig. 5 is a view partially in elevation and partially in central verticalfsection showing a modified term of reduction. gearing.

In the first embodiment of my invention Which I have elected to describe for purposes of illustration and. shown in Figs. 1 to 4, it will be noted that a drum is mounted for rotation in asupporting frame 2 which coniprises hangers 3 andyhthe necessary bearings being mounted in the hangers and 4 as Will be hereafter described. lVitliin the drum 1 and rigidly secured thereto a motor casing 5 in which there are ar anged a plurality, herein three,' or" cylinders 6; thesecylinders being arranged with thei axes parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum. Thedrum at one end is closed by a head 7 Whichalsoconstitutes an end closure for the cylinders 6; and the head 7 isjprovided With a projecting shaft member 8 having a hollovv bore orpassage 9 therein through which fluid is sup plied from any given sonrceby Way of a connection 10. The shaft portionS is rotatably mounted in bearings 11 in the hanger 3.

Reciprocable .Within the cylinders. 6-are pistons 12, Which pistons are connected by connectingrods 13 to crank pins 11- of radially extending cranks 15. These cranks are mounted in suitable bearings 16 and 1? formed one-half on the housing member 5 and the other half in members 18 bolted sccurely to the end of the housing 5. One of the crank shafts 15 is provided with a beveled gear 19 which drives a beveled geaofil) keyed to a shaft 21 extending axially of the drum and motor casing. This shaft 21 drives a valve 22 which. constitutes the distributing means for controlling the supply and exhaust of operating fluid to the cylinders 6. ltvvill be noted that this valve is divided into tvvo chambers 23 and24 separated by a transverse partition. The chamber 23 receives pressure fluid from the inlet passage 9, and is adapted to supply this fluid by means of an arcnate passage 25 serially through ports 26 opening into the several cylinders 6 near their rear ends. The exhaust of fluid is controlled by the portion of the valve 22 which comprises the chamber Qhthe exhaust fluid being ad-.

mitted to chamber 2% through a passage 27 Which serially communicates with ports 28, spaced somewhat from the ends of the cylinders 6. The left hand end of the chamber 2 1 opens into a chamber formed in the casing 5and designated 29 from Which exhaust is conducted to the atmosphere in'any suitable manner, as by passages extending through thecasing and the head .7 of the drum. Each ofthe crank shafts 15 is provided With a bevel gear 31, Which gears mesh with a large bevel gear which is journaled, indicated at '33 upon a shaft 34, which shaft is rigidly secured as at to the casing neniber 5 andisjournaled at its outer end as at 36 Within the hanger-st inside a member hereinafter more fully described. It will be noted that as the several pistons 12 reciprocate in the cylinders 6 the gears 31 will be rotated and ii the gear 321cc held stationary Will rotate the casing 5 and accordingly the drum 1 upon the axis of the druin.

In. assembling the device the several gears 31 are so arranged With respect to the gear 32 that the crank pins 14 arearranged at 120 degrees apart whereby a substantially constant stream of power is transmitted from the three serially acting pistons 12 to cause rotation of the drum. Keyed to the shaft 34 is a pinion 37 which meshes with a series of gears 38 carried on studs 39 secured to a member 40 which is journalcd in the hanger 1 between the shaf 34 and the hanger bearing surface as indicated at 41. The gear 32 is provided, with an integral internal gear 12 with which the gears 38 also mesh. Suitable braking surfaces 13 and 14 are provided upon the drum 5 and upon the member 40 and suitable brakes and 46 cooperate with the braking surfaces so that the drum may be'braked and the member 4:0 held against rotation or re leased at will.

The mode of operation of this improved hoisting mechanism will be readily apparent from the foregoing description. Fluid being admitted under the control of a suitable throttle valve to the passage 9, will pass through the valve port 25, and through whichever port or ports 26 are open; and the pistons 12 to which the fluid pressure is admitted will travel downward in their cylinders. As thisoccurs the crank shaft 15 will turn over, the valve 22 will be rotated, and

the motor will continue to operate in a usual manner, exhaust taking place through the ports 28, and passage 27 in the valve to space 29, etc. Now it will be noted that if the gear 32 were held stationary, the hoist drum 1 would rotate at a rate equal to the number of revolutions of one of the crank shafts 15 multiplied by the ratio of the teeth on one of the pinions 31 to the teeth on the gear 32. As the motor is of a relatively high speed type, however, it is desirable not to have the speed of rotation of the drum so high and the speed of drum rotation will be noticed to be reduced by the reduction gearing provided as follows: As the casing 5 rotates, the shaft 34 is rotated and accordingly the gear 37 is rotated. The gear 37 in rotating causes the pinions 38 to rotate and, when the member 40 is held stationary, causes the gear 32 to be rotated backwards. Thus the angular advance of the drum 1, upon one of the complete rotations of the pinion 31. is cut down to a small fraction of what it would be. where the gear 32 to remain stationary. It will thus be seen that the drum rotates at a relatively slow speed, although the motor is running at a high number of reciprocations of the pistons 12 per minute. When it is desired to brake the drum, this can be accomplished by operating the braking mechanism 45 and releasing the mechanism 46, which will then permit the member 40 to be rotated while the drum remains stationary, though the motor may be still running.

In Fig. 5 I have illustrated another form which my invention may assume in practice. In this form the motor is the same and the only change is in the reduction gearing. I A

ces

gear corresponding to the gear 32, will. be noted at 32. This gear is freely rotatable on the shaft 84 and has rigid therewith a pinion which meshes with a pinion 51 and drives the latter. The )inion 51 is mounted upon a rotatable shaft 52 which extends through a head member 53 closing the end of the drum 1. At the opposite end of the shaft 52 is a pinion 54 which drives pinion 55 which in turn meshes with an internal gear 56 formed upon a member 57 which may be maintained stationary by means of a braking mechanism 58 or released as desired. The member 57 is journaled at 59, the same as the member 10 in the first form of my invention,

. in the hanger 1-. The mode of operation of this form of my invention will be readily apparent. As the pistons 12 re *iprocate the gear 32 will be rotated. This will cause rotation of the pinion 50 which will drive the pinion 51 and so the pinions 54, and and the pinion 55 being mounted upon a stud rigidly secured to the head 53 and int-ermeshing with the internal gear 56 which may be held stationary by the brake mechanism 58, will cause the drum 1 to be rotated. \Vhen it is desired to interrupt rotation of the drum 1, the brake 58 may be released and the brake mechanism 45 applied and then, although the motor continues to rotate the pinion 32, the drum 1 will remain stationary while the member 57 rotates.

While I have in this application described two forms which my invention may assume in practice, it will be understood that these forms of the same are shown for purposes of illustration and that the invention may be modified and embodied in various other forms without departing from its spirit or the scope of the appended claims.

Vhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a hoisting mechanism, a rotatable drum and driving means therefor comprising a motor comprising a plurality of cylinders disposed within said drum and rotatable therewith whose axes lie in planes passing through the axis of the drum and also in a surface of revolution whose directrix coincides with the axis of the drum, and a pl urality of pistons reciprocable in said cylinders, and operative driving connections between said motor and drum.

2. In a hoisting mechanism, a rotatable drum and driving means therefor including a motor comprising a cylinder supportedby said drum and whose axis is substantially parallel to the axis of said drum and rotates about said axis at an angular speed equal to the angular speed of rotation of said drum, and a piston reciprocable in said cylinder, and operative driving connections between said motor and drum.

3. In a hoisting mechanism, a rotatable drum and driving means therefor comprising a motor comprisinga movable cylinder there'- in whoseaxis is substantially parallel to an element of the surface of said drum, and a piston re-ciprocablein said cylinder, and operative driving connections between said motor and drum. i

t. In a hoisting mechanism,a rotatable drum and driving means therefor comprising a motor having a plurality of movable cylinders therein WllOSQ axes are arranged substantially parallel'to the of the drum and a distributing valve mechanism controlled by a shaft coaxial with said drum, and operative driving, connections between said motor and drum.

5. In a fluid actuated rotary. cylinder motor hoist, the combination of a rotary Winding drum, a rotary cylinder rectilinearly reciprocating piston type-motor within the drum having longitudinally arranged cylinders rotating with the drum, and operative driving connections between the motor and the drum.

6. In a fluid actuated rotary Cylinder motor hoist, the combination with a rotary Winding drum of a rotary cylinder motor within the drum having the longitudinal axes of the cylinders parallel to the longitudinal axis of the drum, said cylinders rotating with the drum, said engine having a distributing valve for distributing motive fluid to said cylinders in turn, said valve having port means formed in the circumference thereof adapted to control admission and also having port means in its circumference adapted to control exhaust, said port means controlling admission and said port means controlling exhaust occupying angularly spacer positions in the circumference of said valve.

In a fluid actuated rotary cylinder motor hoist, the combination with a rotary winding drum of a rotary cylinder motor within the drum having the longitudinal of the cylinders parallel to the longitudinal axis of the drum, said cylinders rotating with the drum, said motor having a distributing valve for distributing'motive fluid to said cylinders in turn and said valve having a series of ports in the circumference thereof adapted to serve as admission ports for said motor and a second series of ports alternate to said first series adapted to serve as exhaust ports for said motor.

8. In a fluid actuated rotary cylinder motor hoist, the combination of a rotary winding drum, a rotary cylinder motor Within the drum having longitudinally arranged cylinders rotating with the drum, pistons adapted to reciprocate in said cylinders, and means for translating the reciprocating motion of said pistons to rotary motion for said drum including crank shafts extending radially of said drum, pinions on the outer ends of said crank shafts, and a gear coaxial with said drum and engaged by said pinions.

9. In a hoisting mechanism, a rotatable drum and driving means therefor including a motor comprising a cylinder disposed within said drum with its axis substantially parallel to the axis of said drum and rotatable about said drum axis at an angular speed equal to the angular speed of rotation of said. drum and a piston reciprocable in said cylinder, and gearing operatively connected to said piston for reducing the speed at which said drum is driven by said motor. if i 10. In a hoisting mechanism, a rotatable drum and driving means therefor comprising a motor having a plurality of cylinders arranged substantially parallel to theswinding surface ofsaid drum, pistons reciprocable in said cylinders, and means for translatingthe reciprocating motion of. said pistons, to rotary motion for said drunr including crank shafts driven by said pistons and disposed within said drum in planes passing through the axis of said drum andaunember operatively connected to said crank shafts and movable relative to said drum and rotatable about the axis thereof. I i

11. In a hoisting mechanisma rotatable drum and driving means therefor comprising a motor having a plurality of cylinders whose axis lie substantially in. asurface of two lution. .whose directrix coincides with the axis of said drum, pistonsreciprocable in said cylinders, andmeans for translating the reciprocating motion of said pistons to rotary motion for said drum including crank shafts driven by said pistons and set with the cranks thereof at equal angles, said crank shafts being disposed within'saiddrum and rotatable therewith, and a common driven element operatively connected with said crank shafts;

.12. In a hoisting mechanism, ,a rotatable drum and driving means therefor comprising a motor having a cylinder disposed within said drum and whose axisis parallel to an element of the Winding surface of said drum, a pistonu-eciprocable in said cylinder and a crank shaft driven by said piston, and gearing operatively connected to said motor for reducing the speed at which said drum is driven by said motorincluding a normally stationary reaction member carrying a gear andother gears operatively connected to said crank shaft and cooperating with the gear carried by said stationary member.

13.'In a hoisting mechanism, arotatable drum and driving means'therefor comprising a motor comprising a cylinder disposed Within said drum with its axis parallel to the axis of rotation ofjsaid drum, said cylinder rotating at an equal angular speed with said drum during the rotation of the latter, a piston reciprocable in said cylinderand a cranlr shaft driven by said piston, and gearing operatively connected to said motor for reducing the speed atwhich said drum is driven by said motor including a gear coaxial with said drum, operatively connected with said nib crank shaft, and rotatable relative to said drum, :1 gear rotatable with said drum, :1 reaction member mounted on an axis coincident with said drum axis and rotatable thereon under manual control, and a gear carried by said member and operatively connecting said first and second mentioned gears.

14. A hoisting mechanism comprising a rotatable drum, a motor disposed therein, and constantl intermeshing gearing operatively connecte to said motor for reducing the speed at which said drum is driven by said motor including a pair of gears formed upon a common rotatable supporting member, said pair of gears being each coaxial with the drum and one of saidgears projecting inwardl of said drum and the other of said gears ying wholly Outside said drum.

15. A hoisting mechanism comprising a rotatable drum, a motor disposed therein, and constantly intcrmeshing gearing operatively connected to said motor for reducing the speed at which said drum is driven by said motor including a pair of gears formed upon a common rotatable supporting member, said pair of gears being each coaxial with the drum and one of said gears projecting inwardly of said drum and the other of said gears outwardly thereof, and a gear coope1= ating directly with said outwardly projecting gear, said cooperating gear being supported upon a rotatable member with which cooperates means for holding the same stationary or releasing it for rotation.

16. The combination comprising a drum and driving means for said drum comprising a reciprocating multi-piston type motor disposed therein, and means for translating the reciprocatin motion of said pistons to rotary motion %or said drum including a plurality of separate crank shafts drivenby said pistons, said crank shafts being transversely disposed with respect to the drum axis, and a common driven element operatively connected with said crank shafts. V

17 The combination comprising a drum and driving means for said drum comprising a reciprocating multi-piston type motor disposed therein, and means for translating the reciprocating motion of said pistons to rotary motion for said drum including a plurality of separate crank shafts driven by said pistons, said crank shafts being set with the cranks thereof at equal angles, and a common driven element operatively connected with said crank shafts, said common driven element being rotatable about the drum axis.

18. In a hoisting mechanism, a rotatable drum and driving means therefor comprising a motor including acylinder disposed within said drum and adapted for rotation about the axis of said drum, the axis of said cylinder lying at all times in a plane which includes the axis of the drum, and a piston reciprocable in said cylinder in a path making an angle with a plane to which the drum axis is perpendicular, and operative driving connections between said motor and drum.

19. In a hoisting mechanism, a rotatable drum and driving means therefor comprising a lnotor comprising a plurality of cylinders disposed within the drum and whose axes lie at all times in planes including the axis of the drum, and pistons reciprocable in said cylinders in paths each making an angle with a plane to which said drum axis is perpendicular, and operative driving connections be tween said motor and drum.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

LOUIS A. MAXSON. 

